What are the requirements for a home equity loan or line of credit?

For homeowners looking to leverage the equity in their homes, a home equity loan or a home equity line of credit (HELOC) can provide a valuable source of financing. Both borrowing options allow individuals to tap into the accumulated value of their property (equity) to fund various expenses such as home improvements, debt consolidation, education expenses, or other financial needs. 

However, it’s essential to understand the requirements associated with obtaining a home equity loan or HELOC. In this article, we’ll explore the key prerequisites to help homeowners navigate the application process and unlock the potential of their home equity.

Requirements for home equity loan or line of credit

Meeting the requirements for a home equity loan or line of credit typically involves having sufficient equity, a good credit score, and a reasonable debt-to-income ratio. In addition, homeowners usually undergo a property appraisal, provide documentation and income verification, and consider additional factors specific to each lender.

Let’s take a look at some of the more common requirements:

Sufficient equity

The primary requirement for both home equity loans and HELOCs is having sufficient equity in your home. Equity represents the difference between the market value of your property and the outstanding balance on your mortgage. Lenders typically require homeowners to maintain a certain level of equity, often around 15% to 20% of the home’s appraised value, although specific requirements may vary among lenders.

Good credit score

A strong credit history and a good credit score are vital for obtaining favorable terms on a home equity loan or HELOC. Lenders assess creditworthiness to determine the level of risk involved in lending money. A higher credit score demonstrates responsible credit management and increases the likelihood of approval. While specific credit score requirements vary, a score of 720 or above is generally desirable for home equity financing.

Debt-to-income ratio

Lenders also evaluate borrowers’ debt-to-income ratio (DTI) to assess their ability to repay the loan. DTI compares a borrower’s monthly debt obligations to their monthly income. Most lenders prefer a DTI ratio below 43%, although some may accept higher ratios based on other factors. Lower debt levels and a steady income are favorable in meeting this requirement.

Property appraisal

To determine the value of your home and calculate the eligible loan amount, lenders require a professional property appraisal. An appraiser assesses the market value based on factors such as the property’s condition, location, size, and recent comparable sales in the area. The appraised value helps determine the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, which is the percentage of the home’s value that can be borrowed against.

Documentation and income verification

When applying for a home equity loan or HELOC, borrowers need to provide supporting documentation. This typically includes income verification, such as pay stubs, W-2 forms, or tax returns, to demonstrate their ability to repay the loan. Lenders may also request bank statements, employment verification, and other financial documents to assess the borrower’s financial stability.

Additional factors to consider

In addition to those core requirements, there are several additional factors that lenders may consider when evaluating applications for a home equity loan or a home equity line of credit (HELOC):

Employment history: Lenders may assess the stability and consistency of the borrower’s employment history. A steady employment record can demonstrate a reliable income source and increase the chances of loan approval.

Financial stability: Lenders may review the borrower’s overall financial stability, including savings, investments, and other assets. This evaluation helps determine the borrower’s ability to handle unexpected financial obligations and repay the loan.

Outstanding liens or judgments: Any outstanding liens or judgments on the property can affect the eligibility for a home equity loan or HELOC. Lenders want to ensure that the property being used as collateral is free from any significant encumbrances.

Purpose of funds: Some lenders may inquire about the intended use of the funds borrowed through a home equity loan or HELOC. While most uses are generally accepted, certain purposes, such as speculative investments or illegal activities, may raise concerns for lenders.

Loan amount and loan-to-value ratio (LTV): The desired loan amount and the resulting LTV ratio can impact the lender’s decision. Higher loan amounts and higher LTV ratios may come with stricter requirements or additional fees.

Putting it all together

Obtaining a home equity loan or HELOC offers homeowners a valuable opportunity to leverage their home’s equity for various financial needs. However, meeting the necessary requirements is key to securing favorable terms and approval. 

Homeowners should research multiple lenders, compare terms and interest rates, and seek guidance from financial professionals to make an informed decision. By meeting the requirements and choosing the right home equity option, homeowners can unlock the potential of their home equity and embark on their desired financial endeavors.

Norway Savings Bank Home Equity Loans & Lines of Credit

At Norway Savings Bank, we want to simplify the borrowing process. Our local lending experts meet you where you are, take time to understand your needs and when we’ve found the right option, make the application process fast and easy. Whether you want to add another bathroom, pay for a child’s education or fix a roof, we are here to help. Ready to get started? Check out our Home Equity page, or contact a lender.